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Species Information
Summary: Features include 1) a tiny cup with an yellow to orange disc surrounded by whitish hairs, 2) a short, stout stem, 3) growth on dead branches and twigs of Douglas-fir, 4) relatively large spores, and 5) thread-like paraphyses about the same length as the asci. Dasyscyphus ciliatus is not the same as Lachnella ciliata (Sauter) Cooke, which is a basidiomycete and a synonym of Flagelloscypha orthospora. (Most ascomycete Lachnella species are considered to belong in Lachnum or Lachnellula.) It is not the same as Lachnum ciliatum (Fuckel) Rehm which is an ascomycete but is a synonym of Hyalopeziza ciliata Fuckel.
The type is from OR, and other collections were examined from BC and OR (Hahn). S. Trudell identified a collection from Washington (deposited at the University of Washington), commenting in the notes "Spores rather broad, but otherwise material seems to fit this species."
Upper surface: 0.1-0.2cm across (commonly), "at first globular, closed, opening as a flat disc under moist conditions, laterally compressed and closed when dry"; disc orange, (Hahn), 0.1-0.2cm across, at first spherical, expanding and becoming disc-shaped; spore-bearing upper surface concave or flat, orange; with a fringe-like margin from hairs, (Seaver), up to 0.15cm across, "disc shallowly cup-shaped or almost flat when moist, almost completely covered by the infolding of the margin when dry"; disc "cream-yellow to orange"; "slightly waxy in appearance", (Haines)
Flesh: waxy-fleshy (Seaver)
Underside: whitish, with conspicuous elongate hairs that readily break away to reveal bald tissue beneath, hairs around the rim persistent, fringe-like, (Hahn), whitish (Seaver), densely covered when young "with long, stiff whitish hairs", becoming almost bare when old, exposing the yellow to orange exterior, (Haines)
Stem: "very shortly but definitely stipitate" (Hahn), short (Seaver), stout, up to 0.04cm x 0.04cm, (Haines)
Microscopic: spores 8.0-12.4 x 4.0-6.6 microns, ovate or elliptic with obtuse ends, smooth, colorless, uniseriate and arranged "in a regular oblique manner"; asci 8-spored, 63.0-92.8 x 6.0-12.0 microns, "clavate, apex obtusely rounded"; hairs cylindric, minutely roughened, colorless, thin-walled; conidial state not observed, (Hahn), ascospores 8-12 x 4-6 microns, oval to elliptic, obliquely 1-seriate; asci 8-spored, reaching a length of 70-80 microns and a width of 7-10 microns, clavate; paraphyses filiform [thread-like], slightly swollen at tips; hairs 3 microns wide, cylindric with acute ends, minutely roughened, giving rise to the fringed margin of fruitbody, (Seaver), spores 8-10.5 x 5-5.5 microns, ovate to short elliptic, colorless, "comparatively thick-walled, at first with a single large droplet which breaks down to fill the spore with many small droplets at maturity"; asci 8-spored, 70-80 x 8-10 microns, "cylindric-clavate, relatively thick-walled", tip hemispherical, "base narrowed to a short stalk"; paraphyses 2-2.5 microns wide, thread-like, "about the same length as the asci, filled with yellow droplets"; hairs up to 140 microns long, 2.5-4.5 microns wide, cylindric with blunt tips, colorless, "distinctly roughened externally, multiseptate", septa forming cells 15-30 microns long, (Haines)
Habitat / Range
"so far as we know D. ciliata is restricted in its growth to the small, shaded-out, dead branches and twigs of Douglas fir", (Hahn, Latin name italicized), usually scattered, occasionally grouped, on dead branches of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir), (Seaver), cups single, "erumpent throughout the bark of the recently killed host", known only from Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir), (Haines)
Similar Species
Lachnellula agassizii differs in spore characters (smaller) "and in the size of its fruit cups"; an imperfect stage "which is present in the life-history of D. Agassizii is apparently lacking in the life-history of this new Douglas fir species"; Lachnellula agassizii grows not only on small branches, but also on large trunks, (Hahn, Latin name italicized). Lachnellula pseudotsugae has smaller spores and a conspicuous imperfect stage: it grows on cankers and roughened bark occurring on the living trunks and branches of Douglas-fir (saplings and trees of pole-size that are suppressed or growing on poor sites), (Hahn).
